Cinematic machine



April 16, 1935. F. KLEIN L997,642

CINEIATIC MACHINE Filed June 2l. 1933 l NY E N T OR E'eaefwz' Yeah av h-JM, Magda ATTORNEYS Patented Apr. 16, 1935 1,997,642

UNITED STATES APa'rlezNT oFFlcE cINEMATxc MACHINE Frederick Klein, College Point, N. Y. Animation June 21, 1999, serial No. 676,777

` soiaims.. (ci. ca -18.5)

My present invention is shown exemplified in as more fully described hereinafter. The frame a moving picture machine, although certain of I9 has affixed thereto and protruding inward the broader aspects of the invention are applitherefrom a journal sleeve II through which excable to other optical apparatus. tends and in which bears the shaft I8 for the A generic object of the invention is to provide shutter I9. The shutter I9 is preferably a so- 5 a simple optical shutter structure affording dicalled barrel shutter comprising a single metal rect coordination with respect to anf optical obstamping shaped as a mutilated barrel with a ject or objects to be viewed in a predetermined segment base I9 and arcuate legs 20 between sequence of positions. which the metal is cut away affording aligned lo As applied to moving picture machines, the operr'ngs through which the film is exposed. The l0 invention seeks to provide an inexpensive Strucshutter is generally U-shaped in cross section ture not likely to become deranged and capable and its legs are aixed concentrically with the of convenient operation by the general public. flywheel 2l, the latter in turn affixed to the Another object is to reduce the moving parts shaft I3.

of the apparatus to a minimum to eliminate re- The forward end of shaft i8 has a pinion 22 l5 ciprocating or intermittently moving mechanism meshing with an internal gear 23, the latter and thus to obviate noise and vibration. journaled on stud 24 affixed to and protruding Another object is to provide a mechanism of from the case I0. Internal gear 23 is provided the above type convenient for viewing the movwith a crank handle 25 so that manual revoluing picture film without the necessity Of artition imparts rotation to the shutter shaft I8 20 ficial light, dark room, or screen. and the flywheel 2l at a multiplied speed. The

Another object is to provide a moving picture main frame I6 has a rearwardly extending pormachine of the above type which lends itself tion 26 parallel to the shutter axis and apertured readily to use of an endless film reel structure of at 2l to afford a gate aligned with the veyepiece the type shown in my copending application Se- I3 and the aperture I4. This portion is further 2.3 rial No. 676,778, filed June 21, 1933, and since apertured at 28 to afford clearance for the flypatented February 19, 1935 under No. 1,991,394. wheel 2|.V Gate 2'I is of width slightly less than Other objects will be in part obvious and in the full width of the film F, while the vertical part pointed outI hereinafter. dimension of gate 21 is substantially equal to 30 In the accompanying drawing in which is that of a frame ofthe film. 3" shown one of various poible embodiments of The film is continuous in the form of an endthe several features of my invention, less roll mounted on a carrier 29 of the carrying Fig. 1 is a view in longitudinal cross section frame I6, said endless film roll structure being through the mechanism, preferably that of my copending application Fig. 2 is a view in longitudinal cross section Serial No. 676,778, led June 21, 1933 and since taken along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, patented February 19, 1935, under No. 1,991,394.

Fig. 3 is a view in transverse cross section taken The lrn is preferably retained in proper position on line 3-3 `of Fig. 2. relative to the gate by means of a gate cover 30, Fig. 4 is a detail view on a larger scale in perforated substantially in the same manner as longitudinal cross section taken on line 4-4 of the gate plate 26. Two pair of studs 32 and 33 4U Fig. 2, and. protrude from the gate plate and are spaced by Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the shutterthe width of the .nlm to guide the latter. Studs drive unit. 32 are headed as at 34 and are surrounded by Referring now to the drawing there is shown coil springs 35 yieldingly pressing the gate cover a vertical elongated casing I0 which houses'the toward the plate yto retain the same yieldingly lL' mechanism and the film roll. The casing has a in positionl between the main gate plate 26 and split sleeve I2 which houses the eyepiece I3, prothe gate cover 30. The gate cover has heel pieces truding from the front of the case. At thev wall 35 straddling the flywheel which are provided opposite the eyepiece and aligned therewith is with slight embossments or indentations 36 of an aperture I 4 through which light is admitted approximately the average thickness of the film,

when looking'through the eyepiece to view the thereby to afford a substantially even grip on lm. the lm. l Fastened within the case, as by suitable screws The gate cover has a nger piece 3l protruding I5, is a unitary carrying frame I 6 which supfrom its rear edge and when the latter is lifted 55. ports all of the mechanism as well as the nlm, the gate pivots about embossments 36 as a fulcrum and may be caud to clear the studs 38 to permit insertion and removal of the film.

According to the present invention the shutter has a simple direct driving connection with respect to theiilm.

In the preferred embodiment, as best shown in Figs. 4 and 5, one leg 20 of the barrel shutter has upstruck prongs 60 spaced from each other by the space between aligned sprocket holes 4I on the film. These prongs, vas best shown in Fig. 4, enter into engagement with such aligned film sprocket holes I and correspondingly advance the film during the period of engagement of said ,sprocket teeth with the film sprocket holes.

For this purpose, as appears best in Figs. 2 and 4, the gate has on each side thereof extension recesses Maiording clearance for the prongs di), as they enter and as they leave the gate 21 proper. Similarly the gate cover has an aperture M aligned with the gatewhich aperture also is extended at its lateral edges, as at 46, in the path of movement of the shutter prongs.

It will thus be apparent that as the shutter is continuously rotated the prongs 40 enter into the gate 21 to 'engage sprocket holes 4| of the lm and in their progress advance the film, overcoming thefrictional hold between thegate plate and gate cover. By the 'time the prongs 40 have moved out of the frange of the lm, the latter will have been advanced through the width of just one frame and will be exposed to the light without further movement while thesshutter is open.

Preferably theprongs, as shown, are only on 'one 'leg ofthe shutter so that the lm remains in fixed position during the major portion of the shutter rotation, which defines two longer periods of exposure separated by a short period of eclipse defined by the traverse of the eclipsing leg opposite that carrying the prongs. Of course, the parts could be so timed that driving prongs are on each leg of the shutter, but this arrangement is more apt to give rise to flicker.

'Ihus in the normal operation of the machine the shutter at each complete rotation thereof will advance the lm through the width of one frame, and between successive advances the film Will be exposed to view.

By this arrangement the expense and complication of transmissionor special timing mechanism is eliminated as is also the noise and vibration, due to intermittent movements.

By turning -the crank in counter-clockwise rather than in clockwise direction, the action of the film -may be reversed but withan endless roll, of the type preferred and shown in my co-A pending application above identiiied, such reverse movement would be objectionable as the film would not rewind itself in reverse direction. In that case it would be advisable to provide a snubber of any conventional construction or a ratchet (not shown) lagainst the internal gear 23 or the pinion 22 to prevent reverse rotation.

Obviously by placing the apparatus in inverted position in front of a source of light equipped with a condenser, it is possible to project the image upon a screen and, of course, such application comes within the scope of the invention disclosed and claimed.

It will thus be seen that there is herein described apparatus in which the several features of this invention are embodied, and which apparatus in its action attains the various objects of the invention and is wellsuited to meet the requirements of practical use.

As many changes could be made in the above construction, and many apparently widely different embodiments of this invention could be made without departing from the scope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying draw! ing shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a cinematic machine, the combination of a flywheel, a rotating barrel shutter unitary withl said iiywheel, means on said shutter directly to engage perforations of the lm at alternate periods of eclipse, a common shaft for saidywheel, and said shutter, said shaft having a pinion thereon, an internal gear meshing with said pinion, and a crank-handle on said gear.

2. A cinematic machine comprising the combination of a casing, a drive shaft bearing in said casing, having a pinion at the exterior of said casting, a flywheel rigid therewith within said casing and a barrel shutter rigid with said ywheel, film mounting means within said casing, means driving said mounted film intermittently at alternate optical closures inthe revolution of the barrel shutter and speed multiplying manualv the inner length of said shaft and rigid with said shaft, a film gate constituting part of said frame, a gate closure, four freely penetrating studs fastened to said frame, yieldingly retaining said gate closure in position, said studs being in two pairs spaced by the width of the film and serving as edge guides therefor, means on the shutter to intermittently move the lm p ast the gate, an internal gear meshing with said pinion and a crank-handle carried by said gear.

4. As an article of manufacture, a shaft having a iiywheel rigid therewith, and an optical barrel shutter `comprising a unitary piece of metal having the shape of a mutilated barrel,

with diametrically opposite segments removed, said shutter rigidly aixed to said iiywheel, and

bination of a casing, a barrel shutter, and a iiywheel rigid therewith',I forming a single rotary element therein, opening on the side of the casing to insert e lm roll, an aperture in the front of the asing through which the lm lis exposed, anothey aperture in the rear of-the casing through which light Ais adinitted to the lm, the optical axis of both apertures intersecting. the axis of said shutter and iiywheel, said shutter having two opaque regions to cause two optical eclipses per revolution, either or both opaque portions including prongs to'- engage the perforations of the film, thereby to impart intermittent motion' to the film during eclipse, manual means and a gear' couple external to said casing to impart rotation to said shutter and ywheel, the latter to maintain@ substantially uniform period of eclipse and exposure against I'the -applied load of the lm during eclipse.

. FREDERICK KLEIN. 

